Harappan cities show evidence of Ritualistic Practices?

Which of the following Harappan cities show evidence of Ritualistic Practices?

1. Kalibangan
2. Lothal
3. Surkatoda
4. Banwali

(A) 1 only
(B) 2 only
(C) 1, 3 only
(D) 1,2,4 only

EXPLANATION

1. Kalibangan ✅

• Strong evidence of ritualistic practices.

• Fire altars discovered — possibly used for Vedic-style rituals or ancestor worship.

• Multiple fire pits arranged in a row found in the citadel.

• This is considered a major ritualistic feature in the Harappan context.

✅ Yes – Ritualistic evidence present

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2. Lothal ✅

• While primarily known for trade and dockyard, Lothal also shows evidence of fire altars.

• A platform with burnt bricks and ashes suggests ritualistic activities.

• Suggests possible sacrificial or religious practices.

✅ Yes – Ritualistic evidence present

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3. Surkotada ❌

• Primarily known for being a military outpost and evidence of horse bones.

• No direct evidence of ritualistic practices like altars or ceremonial structures has been found here.

❌ No – Ritualistic evidence not confirmed

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4. Banawali (Banwali) ✅

• Evidence of fire altars and possible ritualistic structures similar to Kalibangan.

• Archaeological features suggest some form of religious or ceremonial activity.

✅ Yes – Ritualistic evidence present

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✅ Final Evaluation:

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✅ Correct Answer: (D) 1, 2, 4 only